# UpCloud Starter 1 vCPU / 1 GB

[Amsterdam #1](https://www.rackcensus.com/locations/amsterdam-vps-benchmarks "Every provider in Amsterdam")

Benchmark complete

Finished Oct 7, 2026

Geekbench 7 single-core

Skipped

Geekbench 7 multi-core

Skipped

Disk 4K IOPS

18,572

fio random read and write, 50/50

Median here: 16,445 over 2 runs in 90 days

Monthly price at test time

€3.50 EUR

Same price today

## Server

[UpCloud](https://www.rackcensus.com/vps-providers/upcloud-benchmarks)[Starter 1 vCPU / 1 GB](https://www.rackcensus.com/plans/wn4ded-upcloud-starter-1-vcpu-1-gb-benchmarks?location=nl-ams1)

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Provider

UpCloud

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Plan

Starter 1 vCPU / 1 GB

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Location

Amsterdam #1

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vCPU

1

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RAM

1 GB

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Storage

10 GB

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Network

Unknown

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OS image

01000000-0000-4000-8000-000030240200

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Trigger

Scheduled

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Queued at

Oct 7, 2026, 19:28:00 UTC

[Visit UpCloud](https://www.rackcensus.com/go/upcloud)

Referral link. If you sign up through it, I may get paid.

[Skip the referral](https://www.rackcensus.com/go/upcloud/direct)[How this works](https://www.rackcensus.com/transparency#referrals-heading)

## Latest runs of this plan

- [San Jose #1 Oct 8, 2026](https://www.rackcensus.com/benchmarks/hmwxbk-upcloud-starter-1-vcpu-1-gb-us-sjo1-benchmark)Skipped
- [New York #1 Oct 8, 2026](https://www.rackcensus.com/benchmarks/stmvor-upcloud-starter-1-vcpu-1-gb-us-nyc1-benchmark)Skipped
- [Frankfurt #1 Oct 7, 2026](https://www.rackcensus.com/benchmarks/lg5sy9-upcloud-starter-1-vcpu-1-gb-de-fra1-benchmark)Skipped
- [San Jose #1 Oct 7, 2026](https://www.rackcensus.com/benchmarks/i7bhws-upcloud-starter-1-vcpu-1-gb-us-sjo1-benchmark)Skipped
- [New York #1 Oct 7, 2026](https://www.rackcensus.com/benchmarks/0nuc7d-upcloud-starter-1-vcpu-1-gb-us-nyc1-benchmark)Skipped

[Full history of this plan](https://www.rackcensus.com/plans/wn4ded-upcloud-starter-1-vcpu-1-gb-benchmarks/history)

## CPU

Geekbench was skipped because this plan has less than 2 GB of RAM, which isn't enough for Geekbench 7 to run without swap.

## Memory, TLS and scheduler

### Memory bandwidth (STREAM)

| Test | Result | Runs | Spread |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Copy higher is better | 29.9 GB/s | 3 | 0.277% |
| Scale higher is better | 19.6 GB/s | 3 | 0.417% |
| Add higher is better | 22 GB/s | 3 | 0.795% |
| Triad higher is better | 22.2 GB/s | 3 | 0.692% |

Average of 3 runs. Spread is the standard deviation as a share of the average.

### TLS and crypto (OpenSSL)

| Test | Result | Runs | Spread |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| RSA 4096 signs higher is better | 224/s | 3 | 0.956% |
| RSA 4096 verifies higher is better | 14,506/s | 3 | 3.27% |
| SHA-256 higher is better | 679 MB/s | 3 | 1.01% |
| AES-256-GCM higher is better | 3.42 GB/s | 3 | 2.07% |
| ChaCha20-Poly1305 higher is better | 1.76 GB/s | 3 | 0.837% |

Average of 3 runs. Spread is the standard deviation as a share of the average.

### Scheduler latency (schbench)

| Test | Result | Runs | Spread |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Request latency, median lower is better | 4.17 ms | 3 | 0.586% |
| Requests per second, 90th percentile higher is better | 236/s | 3 | 0.424% |
| Request latency, 99.9th percentile lower is better | 8.35 ms | 3 | 1.89% |
| Requests per second, average higher is better | 232/s | 3 | 0.992% |

Average of 3 runs. Spread is the standard deviation as a share of the average.

## Disk

| Block size | Read | Write | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 4K | 36.2 MB/s (9,274 IOPS) | 36.3 MB/s (9,298 IOPS) | 72.5 MB/s (18,572 IOPS) |
| 64K | 399.3 MB/s (6,389 IOPS) | 401.4 MB/s (6,423 IOPS) | 800.8 MB/s (12,812 IOPS) |
| 512K | 382.6 MB/s (765 IOPS) | 403 MB/s (805 IOPS) | 785.6 MB/s (1,570 IOPS) |
| 1M | 379.3 MB/s (379 IOPS) | 404.6 MB/s (404 IOPS) | 783.9 MB/s (783 IOPS) |

fio random read and write, 50/50, run by YABS against the boot disk.

## Network

### IPv4 transfer speed

Loading...

| Target | Protocol | Send | Receive |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Clouvider, London, UK (10G) | IPv4 | 1.07 Gbps | 1.07 Gbps |
| Eranium, Amsterdam, NL (100G) | IPv4 | 1.07 Gbps | 1.07 Gbps |
| Leaseweb, Singapore, SG (10G) | IPv4 | 942 Mbps | 918 Mbps |
| Clouvider, Los Angeles, CA, US (10G) | IPv4 | busy | 967 Mbps |
| Leaseweb, NYC, NY, US (10G) | IPv4 | 1 Gbps | 1.01 Gbps |

Public iperf3 servers vary in capacity and availability. Compare a target only with itself over time.

## Datastores

### PostgreSQL

#### fsync speed (pg\_test\_fsync)

| Method | Operations per second | Time per operation |
| --- | --- | --- |
| One 8 kB write |
| --- |
| open\_datasync | 3,133 | 0.319 ms |
| fdatasync | 2,942 | 0.34 ms |
| fsync | 1,425 | 0.702 ms |
| fsync\_writethrough | Not supported here | n/a |
| open\_sync | 2,011 | 0.497 ms |
| Two 8 kB writes |
| --- |
| open\_datasync | 1,646 | 0.608 ms |
| fdatasync | 2,757 | 0.363 ms |
| fsync | 1,463 | 0.683 ms |
| fsync\_writethrough | Not supported here | n/a |
| open\_sync | 964 | 1.04 ms |
| open\_sync at different write sizes |
| --- |
| 1 \* 16kB open\_sync write | 1,651 | 0.606 ms |
| 2 \* 8kB open\_sync writes | 950 | 1.05 ms |
| 4 \* 4kB open\_sync writes | 441 | 2.27 ms |
| 8 \* 2kB open\_sync writes | 227 | 4.41 ms |
| 16 \* 1kB open\_sync writes | 118 | 8.48 ms |
| fsync on a non-write descriptor |
| --- |
| write, fsync, close | 1,638 | 0.61 ms |
| write, close, fsync | 1,722 | 0.581 ms |
| Non-synced 8 kB writes |
| --- |
| write | 514,163 | 0.002 ms |

pg\_test\_fsync against the Docker volume Postgres keeps its data on. fdatasync is Linux's default wal\_sync\_method.

#### pgbench at scale 10

| Workload | Clients | Transactions/s | Median | p95 | p99 | p99.9 | Failed |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Read/write (TPC-B like) | 1 | 1,467 | 0.604 ms | 0.949 ms | 1.99 ms | 6.49 ms | 0 |
| Read/write (TPC-B like) | 8 | 2,653 | 2.67 ms | 5.06 ms | 7.28 ms | 21.2 ms | 0 |
| Read/write (TPC-B like) | 32 | 2,374 | 10.6 ms | 31.6 ms | 55.3 ms | 89.4 ms | 0 |
| Read only | 1 | 24,505 | 0.036 ms | 0.056 ms | 0.073 ms | 0.24 ms | 0 |
| Read only | 8 | 26,546 | 0.25 ms | 0.469 ms | 0.588 ms | 1.27 ms | 0 |
| Read only | 32 | 26,346 | 1.01 ms | 1.49 ms | 1.98 ms | 3.42 ms | 0 |

Scale 10 (1,000,000 accounts), loaded in 2.31 s. 60 s per run, prepared statements. Latency comes from sampled transaction logs, and p99.9 is left out when fewer than 1,000 were sampled.

#### pgbench at scale 100

| Workload | Clients | Transactions/s | Median | p95 | p99 | p99.9 | Failed |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Read/write (TPC-B like) | 1 | 918 | 0.941 ms | 1.67 ms | 3.82 ms | 49.4 ms | 0 |
| Read/write (TPC-B like) | 8 | 1,782 | 3.59 ms | 7.03 ms | 24.7 ms | 82.5 ms | 0 |
| Read/write (TPC-B like) | 32 | 1,925 | 14.4 ms | 23.8 ms | 79.8 ms | 95.8 ms | 0 |
| Read only | 1 | 3,163 | 0.299 ms | 0.492 ms | 1.34 ms | 3.2 ms | 0 |
| Read only | 8 | 6,118 | 0.824 ms | 1.81 ms | 28.3 ms | 39.3 ms | 0 |
| Read only | 32 | 6,194 | 2.88 ms | 24.4 ms | 43.6 ms | 48 ms | 0 |

Scale 100 (10,000,000 accounts), loaded in 23.3 s. 60 s per run, prepared statements. Latency comes from sampled transaction logs, and p99.9 is left out when fewer than 1,000 were sampled.

### MySQL

#### sysbench OLTP

| Workload | Threads | Transactions/s | Queries/s | Median | p95 | p99 | Errors |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Read/write | 1 | 252 | 5,042 | 3.3 ms | 6.1 ms | 13.5 ms | 0 |
| Read/write | 8 | 430 | 8,595 | 17.3 ms | 27.7 ms | 40.4 ms | 0 |
| Read/write | 32 | 442 | 8,835 | 66.8 ms | 117 ms | 148 ms | 0 |
| Read only | 1 | 858 | 13,725 | 1.08 ms | 1.5 ms | 2 ms | 0 |
| Read only | 8 | 819 | 13,110 | 9.56 ms | 12.1 ms | 14.2 ms | 0 |
| Read only | 32 | 737 | 11,796 | 42.6 ms | 54.8 ms | 65.6 ms | 0 |

10 tables of 100,000 rows, loaded in 16.8 s. 60 s per run, one connection per thread.

### Redis

#### memtier

| Mix | Operations/s | Hits/s | Median | p99 | p99.9 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1:10 set:get | 33,998 | 30,907 | 1.84 ms | 3.55 ms | 5.6 ms |
| 1:1 set:get | 33,002 | 16,501 | 1.91 ms | 3.84 ms | 6.02 ms |

1,000,000 keys of 32 bytes. 64 connections over 1 thread, 60 s per ratio.

## Web frameworks

| Framework | Fortunes req/s | Single query req/s | JSON req/s | Fortunes p99 at 256 connections |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Next.js | The results arrived but couldn't be read, so no numbers are shown. |
| Express | The results arrived but couldn't be read, so no numbers are shown. |
| Fastify | The results arrived but couldn't be read, so no numbers are shown. |
| NestJS | The results arrived but couldn't be read, so no numbers are shown. |
| Nuxt | The results arrived but couldn't be read, so no numbers are shown. |
| FastAPI | The results arrived but couldn't be read, so no numbers are shown. |
| Django | The results arrived but couldn't be read, so no numbers are shown. |
| Rails | The results arrived but couldn't be read, so no numbers are shown. |
| Laravel | The results arrived but couldn't be read, so no numbers are shown. |
| Symfony | The results arrived but couldn't be read, so no numbers are shown. |

### WooCommerce

#### Page mix

| Step | Requests/s | Median | p95 | p99 | Error rate |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 8 virtual users |
| --- |
| Home page | 1.1 | 1.32 s | 1.5 s | 1.62 s | 0% |
| Shop page | 1.1 | 1.7 s | 1.93 s | 1.96 s | 0% |
| Category page | 1.1 | 1.55 s | 1.84 s | 1.9 s | 0% |
| Product page | 1.1 | 1.32 s | 1.52 s | 1.6 s | 0% |
| Product search | 1.1 | 1.21 s | 1.36 s | 1.39 s | 0% |
| 32 virtual users |
| --- |
| Home page | 1.36 | 5.04 s | 5.8 s | 5.86 s | 0% |
| Shop page | 1.3 | 6.8 s | 7.85 s | 8.06 s | 0% |
| Category page | 0.906 | 6.16 s | 7.59 s | 7.85 s | 0% |
| Product page | 0.906 | 5.2 s | 5.6 s | 5.66 s | 0% |
| Product search | 0.906 | 4.92 s | 5.57 s | 5.63 s | 0% |

#### Cart and checkout

| Step | Requests/s | Median | p95 | p99 | Error rate |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 8 virtual users |
| --- |
| Add to cart | 2.09 | 1.25 s | 1.5 s | 1.55 s | 0% |
| Cart | 2.09 | 1.31 s | 1.43 s | 1.49 s | 0% |
| Checkout | 2.09 | 1.03 s | 1.18 s | 1.21 s | 0% |
| 32 virtual users |
| --- |
| Add to cart | 2.26 | 4.79 s | 5.95 s | 6.14 s | 0% |
| Cart | 2.26 | 5.47 s | 6.02 s | 6.12 s | 0% |
| Checkout | 1.81 | 4.39 s | 4.96 s | 5.1 s | 0% |

k6 with a fixed number of virtual users, 65 to 71 s per level. The error rate counts responses that weren't a 200.

## Advertised vs. measured

| Spec | Advertised | Measured |
| --- | --- | --- |
| vCPU | 1 | 1 |
| CPU | Shared vCPU | 0.2% of busy CPU time stolen |
| RAM | 1 GB | 849 MiB |
| Storage | 10 GB | 9.8 GiB |
| Architecture | x86\_64 | x86\_64 |
| Virtualization | KVM | KVM |

Guests usually report slightly less RAM and disk than advertised because of kernel reservations and filesystem overhead.

## Detected hardware

**CPU model:** AMD EPYC 7542 32-Core Processor

**CPU cores:** 1

**CPU frequency:** 2895 MHz

**AES-NI:** Yes

**VM-x/AMD-V:** No

**RAM reported:** 849 MiB

**Swap reported:** 0 MiB

**Disk reported:** 9.8 GiB

**Virtualization reported:** KVM

**CPU steal:** 0.2% of busy CPU time stolen

**Distro:** Ubuntu 24.04.4 LTS

**Kernel:** 6.8.0-137-generic

**Architecture:** x86\_64

**IPv4 reachable:** Yes

**IPv6 reachable:** Yes

## Advertised at test time

**Plan:** Starter 1 vCPU / 1 GB

**Product line:** Starter

**Location:** Amsterdam #1

**vCPU:** 1 shared vCPU

**Architecture:** x86\_64

**RAM:** 1 GB

**Storage:** 10 GB

**Virtualization:** KVM

**Network:** Unknown

**Transfer:** 512 GB

**Port 25:** Unknown

**Monthly price at test time:** €3.50 EUR

**Hourly price at test time:** €0.0052 EUR

**YABS version:** v2026-09-20

**Ran at:** Oct 7, 2026, 19:31:07 UTC

**Parser version:** 5

## Run timeline

**Queued:** Oct 7, 2026, 19:28:00 UTC

**Server created:** Oct 7, 2026, 19:29:30 UTC

**First update from the server:** Oct 7, 2026, 19:29:30 UTC

**Completed:** Oct 7, 2026, 20:40:59 UTC

**Server deleted:** Oct 7, 2026, 20:40:59 UTC

**Cost of this run:** €0.0063 EUR

Tests 35 of 35 done Live output 691 lines

Setup 1 cores, 848.5 MiB RAM 4 of 4Done

Disk (fio) 76.1 MB/s at 4k, 822 MB/s at 1m 5 of 5Done

Network, IPv4 (iperf3) Median 1.04 Gbit/s send, 1.01 Gbit/s receive, 2 retried 5 of 5Done

Phoronix (memory, TLS, scheduler) 3 of 3Done

Datastores 5 of 5Done

Web frameworks 12 of 12Done

Finish Results saved 1 of 1Done

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